This discussion paper explores the necessity of establishing a “new social contract” in Africa, aimed at redefining the relationship between workers, employers, and governments amid significant economic, social, and environmental changes. The old social contract, rooted in post-World War II agreements, has largely failed in Africa due to factors such as neoliberal policies, structural adjustment programmes, and the rise of precarious work in the informal economy. These failures have been exacerbated by technological disruptions and the climate crisis, necessitating a framework that prioritises social justice, equity, and inclusion. Globally, trade unons have six central demands for this new social contract: decent and climate-friendly jobs, universal worker rights, minimum living wages, universal social protection, equality, and inclusion. The discussion paper argues that African trade unions are uniquely positioned to advocate for these principles, leveraging their historical advocacy and strategic roles. It further recommends actionable steps for trade unions to advance this agenda, including strengthening labour rights in the informal economy, championing just transitions, and promoting inclusive growth policies. Ultimately, the establishment of a new social contract is presented as a critical path towards a fairer, more resilient future of work in Africa, emphasizing the collaborative role of trade unions, employers, and governments in fostering social justice and economic prosperity.
